独化

Self-driven Development

指天地万物不假外力，自己独立生成、变化。由郭象在《庄子注》中提出。具体而言，“独化”包含三重含义：其一，天地万物的生成和变化都是自然而然的。其二，天地万物的生成和变化都是各自独立的。其三，天地万物的生成和变化都是突然发生的，是没有原因和目的的。“独化”观念否定了造物主的存在，同时也否定了一物构成另一物发生与存在的原因。但就世界整体而言，“独化”而成的万物又处于某种和谐的关系之中。

The term indicates that all things in heaven and on earth do not depend on external forces. Rather, they take shape and change by themselves independently. It was put forward by Guo Xiang in his Annotations on Zhuangzi. Specifically, the term contains three meanings. Firstly, all things in heaven and on earth form and change naturally. Secondly, all things in heaven and on earth form and change independent of one another. Thirdly, all things in heaven and on earth form and change suddenly, without any reason or purpose. The concept of self-driven development denies the existence of a creator. At the same time, it also denies that one thing causes the occurrence and existence of another. However, according to this concept, all things in the universe, naturally formed, co-exist in harmony.

来源：翻译大王