导读:美国一直禁止进口在运动狩猎中捕获的大象及狮子的身体部位。最近美国相关管理部门却开始放宽对大象的限制，引发公众抗议。同时狮子的进口限制也在放宽，却乏人关注。这种现象的背后原因是什么？

NOEL KING, HOST:

主持人诺尔·金：

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recently moved to lift the ban on importing parts of elephants killed by trophy hunters. There was a huge public outcry, but the government also loosened restrictions on hunters who want to bring back lion heads and lion pelts. The government wasn’t required to make that change public, so a lot of people didn’t notice.

在运动狩猎中，参与者可得到所捕获大象的身体部位，美国一直禁止进口这些身体部位。近日，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局放宽了这项禁令，引发了公众的强烈抗议。但是美国政府对于猎获的狮子头颅与皮毛进口同样放宽了限制。美国政府无需将这项变化公之于众，许多民众对此并未在意。

STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:

主持人史蒂夫·因斯克普：

Yeah, the news even slipped past Rachael Bale, who is a wildlife reporter for National Geographic.

是的，就连国家地理频道野生动物栏目的记者瑞秋·贝莱都没有注意到这条新闻。

RACHAEL BALE: We still have not seen the underlying science because there’s no requirement for them to post it.

瑞秋·贝莱：我们仍不懂得此举的道理，没有人要求他们进行披露。

INSKEEP: She’s talking about the argument in favor of big-game hunting. Now, the very idea is counterintuitive - the idea that in the big picture, killing endangered animals can somehow protect the species.

因斯克普：她在说支持运动狩猎的论点。现在有这样一种违背常识的观点：总体来看，猎杀某种濒危动物对该物种反而是一种保护。

BALE: Trophy hunters spend a lot of money on safari, on the permits. And the idea is that the money they’re spending goes back into the communities for community development, which incentivizes locals to protect wildlife rather than push it away or hunt it. And some of that money goes into conservation efforts to protect lions.

贝莱：运动狩猎的参与者花大价钱获得狩猎许可并进入野生动物园打猎。这种观点认为，参与者付的钱流回社区用于社区发展，鼓励当地人保护野生动物，而不是进行驱赶或猎杀。还有部分资金会投入保护狮子的事业。

INSKEEP: OK, so giving people a financial stake in the long-term survival of the species even if some individuals are killed along the way. But Rachael Bale worries this might not work in places like Zimbabwe, which is a big destination for lion hunters.

因斯克普：好吧，即便少数狮子会遭到猎杀，如果当地居民在经济上得到实惠，还是能够保证狮子的长期生存。但是贝莱担心此举在津巴布韦等地无法奏效，津巴布韦有大量捕狮人。

BALE: A lot of the money has been siphoned away by corruption, so there are serious concerns with hunting management in Zimbabwe.

贝莱：大量资金流入了贪官腰包，外界对津巴布韦的狩猎管理工作深感忧虑。

KING: And lions face another threat. It’s not just poaching. It’s not just habitat loss. There is also the lion bone trade.

金：狮子还面临着另一威胁，造成威胁的并非仅仅是偷猎或栖息地面积缩水，还有狮骨交易。

BALE: Yeah, lion bone trade is something fairly new. As tigers are getting rarer, China has been starting to replace tiger bones with lion bones. They go into wine. They’re ground up. There’s all kinds of purposes in traditional medicine.

贝莱：是的，狮骨交易也是刚刚出现。老虎越发稀少，中国开始采用狮骨制酒磨粉，代替虎骨在中医里的各种作用。

KING: Here’s where we are now. President Trump has tweeted that he’ll take a second look at the decision on big-game hunting.

金：这正是我们要谈到的内容。特朗普总统在推特上宣布自己会仔细考虑有关运动狩猎的决定。

BALE: He cannot change this policy by tweet. It’s going to have to go back through an entire review process in order to actually happen.

贝莱：他不可能通过推特改变政策，新决定只有历经整套评估过程方能实际生效。

INSKEEP: And Rachael Bale of National Geographic says it’s not so easy to get to the end of that process. The Fish and Wildlife Service will have to make a new finding. President Trump says he will make an announcement next week.

因斯克普：国家地理频道的瑞秋·贝莱表示，完成这一过程绝非易事。鱼类和野生动物管理局只得做出新的决定。特朗普总统表示他会在下周宣布新决定。

（来源：爱语吧）