导读:长期以来，居住在缅甸的罗兴亚人因宗教信仰问题遭到迫害。近日缅甸军方开始镇压罗兴亚人，一时间引发世界舆论大哗。教皇弗朗西斯为缓和局势计划访问缅甸和孟加拉国。

ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:

主持人阿里·夏皮罗：

Pope Francis leaves Sunday for a weeklong trip to Myanmar and Bangladesh. Bangladesh is mostly Muslim, Myanmar predominantly Buddhist, and its military’s brutal attacks on a Muslim minority called the Rohingya have led to accusations of ethnic cleansing. As NPR’s Sylvia Poggioli reports, the pope will face a difficult balancing act in both places.

教皇弗朗西斯将于周日动身前往缅甸和孟加拉国，对两国先后开展为期一周的访问。孟加拉国国民多数为穆斯林，而缅甸人则主要是佛教徒。缅甸军队对信仰伊斯兰教的少数民族罗兴亚发动野蛮袭击，招致外界对其实施种族清洗的指责。据美国国家公共广播记者西尔维娅·波焦利报道，教皇在两国都将面临着艰难的调解工作。

SYLVIA POGGIOLI, BYLINE: Pope Francis often speaks forcefully on behalf of migrants across the world who are exploited or expelled. In February, he singled out those being driven from Myanmar.

波焦利：教皇总是努力为全世界遭到压迫与驱逐的移民发声。今年二月，他指出了罗兴亚人在缅甸遭逐的问题。

POPE POPE FRANCIS: (Through interpreter) Our Rohingya brothers and sisters wander from one place to another because they are not wanted. They are good, peaceful. They are not Christians. They are suffering for years, tortured and killed simply for their Muslim faith.

教皇弗朗西斯：（经翻译后）没有国家愿意接纳我们的罗兴亚兄弟姐妹，他们只得颠沛流离。他们心地善良，热爱和平。他们并非基督徒。而仅仅因为自己的伊斯兰教信仰，他们便要长年遭受折磨虐待，甚至性命不保。

POGGIOLI: Since August, an estimated 600,000 Rohingya had fled Myanmar military attacks into neighboring Bangladesh. But days before his departure, Francis’ video message to Myanmar made no mention of the Rohingya. In fact, local church leaders had advised him not to utter their name, fearing reprisals by Buddhist fundamentalists.

波焦利：自八月份起，约有60万罗兴亚人从缅甸军方枪口之下逃脱，前往邻国孟加拉国。弗朗西斯在启程前几天曾录制了一段视频。然而他在视频中对于罗兴亚人却只字未提。事实上，当地基督教领袖建议教皇不要提及罗兴亚人，担忧招致当地佛教极端主义者的报复。

BERNARDO CERVELLERA: No need to use the word. What is important is to use words to define the problem.

贝尔纳多·切尔韦莱拉：不必刻意提到他们，重要的是如何界定这一难题。

POGGIOLI: Father Bernado Cervellera, head of the Catholic news agency Asia News, says the Rohingya are stateless, scorned by the Buddhist majority who consider them illegal migrants from Bangladesh.

波焦利：贝尔纳多·切尔韦莱拉神父是《亚洲新闻通讯社》的主编，他认为罗兴亚人没有国籍，当地人数占优的佛教徒认为他们只不过是孟加拉国来的非法移民，根本不屑一顾。

CERVELLERA: The problem is not a fight between Buddhists and Muslims, but it is a fight between a society who want to be reconciled. And some power - in this case military power - they don’t want to reconcile the situation.

切尔韦莱拉：问题并不在于佛教徒与穆斯林之间的冲突，而在于有志包容的社会与某些势力之间的冲突。而缅甸的军事势力并不希望看到局势缓和。

POGGIOLI: In Myanmar, the pope will meet State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi. The former long-detained dissident Nobel Peace Prize winner and now de facto prime minister is under intense criticism from human rights activists across the world for not denouncing the brutal military crackdown on the Rohingya. Father Cervellera is convinced Aung San Suu Kyi does not wield sufficient power, and one of the pope’s aims is to show his support for her in Myanmar’s transition to democracy.

波焦利：教皇将在缅甸与缅甸国务资政昂山素季举行会晤。昂山素季曾是诺贝尔和平奖得主，此前因政治异见而遭到多年软禁，目前是缅甸实际意义上的首相。世界各地的人权活动人士严厉批评昂山素季，指责她在军方镇压罗兴亚人的问题上未发谴责之言。切尔韦莱拉神父确信，昂山素季手中权力不足。教皇访问缅甸的目的之一就是表明自己对昂山素季的支持，支持她在缅甸向民主政体转型中的作用。

CERVELLERA: We read this problem of Rohingya as an attempt by the army in Myanmar to stop the work of Aung San Suu Kyi and to destroy her image of the human rights defender in front of the world.

切尔韦莱拉：我们对于此事的解读是，缅甸军方企图以此阻挠昂山素季，在全世界人民面前彻底摧毁昂山素季人权卫士的形象。

POGGIOLI: After Myanmar, Pope Francis will visit Bangladesh, where Christians are less than 1 percent of the country’s population of 160 million. But Catholic schools and hospitals serve all Bangladeshis, and Catholic charities are at the forefront assisting Rohingya refugees. Father Gabriel Amal Costa, born in Bangladesh, says decades of ethnic and religious harmony are jeopardized by increasing Muslim fundamentalism.

波焦利：教皇弗朗西斯在离开缅甸后将前往孟加拉国。孟加拉国共有1.6亿人口，其中基督教徒的比例不足1%。但是天主教学校、医院却对所有孟加拉人开放，而天主教慈善组织奋战在援救罗兴亚难民的第一线。原籍孟加拉国的加百列·阿迈勒·科斯塔神父表示，数十年来各种族各宗教一直和谐相处，如今穆斯林极端主义日渐猖獗，这种和谐局面遭到严重破坏。

GABRIEL AMAL COSTA: Nowadays, we see that fanaticism is occurring. Christians feel insecure.

加百列·阿迈勒·科斯塔：如今，宗教狂热主义大行其道，基督教徒感到惶恐不安。

POGGIOLI: Both Myanmar and Bangladesh are burdened by extreme poverty and ranked in the top 10 of climate change risk, and Pope Francis is likely to focus on economic and environmental justice. He’s also expected to insist on the need for interreligious dialogue in two countries afflicted by ethnic tensions and where exploitation of religious differences is a useful tool for political gain. Sylvia Poggioli, NPR News, Rome.

波焦利：缅甸和孟加拉国都属于极度贫穷的国家，都是十大面临气候变化风险的国家中的一员。教皇弗朗西斯可能会关注经济与环境公正的问题，外界预计他会坚持在两国开展不同宗教间的对话。目前在上述两国，种族间呈现紧张态势，宗教信仰方面的差异也成为了某些势力谋取政治利益的有力工具。美国国家公共电台新闻记者西尔维娅·波焦利于罗马报道。

（来源：爱语吧）