艾滋病—勿忘

On the principle that no news is good news, the fact that aids has dropped out of the headlines is surely a good thing.
基于没有消息就是好消息的原则,艾滋病不再是头条新闻无疑是一件好事。
Nevertheless, it does no harm for the world to be reminded from time to time that the illness has not gone away.
然而,时常提醒世人这种疾病并没有消失,这对世界并无坏处。
To that end, UNAIDS and the World Health Organisation,
因此,联合国艾滋病联合规划署(UNAIDS)和世界卫生组织
the international agencies charged with dealing with the epidemic, promote December 1st as World AIDS Day.
这两所负责处理疫情的国际机构将12月1日定为世界艾滋病日。


This year is the last before the target date for the success of the latest of the agencies' campaigns
今年这些机构最近一次运动取得成功,而今年是该运动目标日期的最后一年,
to roll out the anti-retroviral drugs that both keep those already infected with HIV alive and stop them passing the virus on.
该运动推出了抗逆转录病毒药物,既让那些已经感染艾滋病毒的人活下来,又能阻止他们把病毒传播下去。
This particular campaign is called 90-90-90.
这个运动名为90-90-90。
Its aims are that, by the end of 2020, 90% of all those around the world who are infected will know they are infected;
其目标是,截止2020年底,全世界90%的感染者将知道他们已经被感染了;
90% of that group will be receiving sustained anti-retroviral therapy;
其中90%的患者将接受持续的抗逆转录病毒治疗;
and 90% of those receiving therapy will have had the virus effectively suppressed.
并且90%接受治疗的病人将有效地抑制病毒。
The 90-90-90 campaign follows the 3 by 5 initiative, begun in 2003, to put 3m people on the drugs by 2005, and the subsequent target of 15 by15.
90-90-90运动之前有从2003年开始的“3 by 5 initiative”,其目标是,截止2005年,让300万人用上药,并且下阶段目标是“15 by15”。
The latest estimate is that 38m people are infected with HIV, so 90-90-90 implies 28m being treated successfully.
最新估计,HIV感染者有3800万人,因此90-90-90意味着有2800万人得到成功的治疗。
But according to UNAIDS estimates, doing this by 2020 is unlikely.
但根据UNAIDS估计,在2020年完成这个目标是不可能的。

Whether that is seen as a failure, though, depends on your point of view.
这个计划的失败与否取决于你怎么看。
Had the target been reached easily is would surely have been criticised as unambitious.
如果这个目标能轻易实现,人们肯定会被批评其缺乏雄心壮志。
Regardless of when 90-90-90 is achieved the next aim, 95-95-95, is already pencilled in for 2030.
不管90-90-90何时实现,下一个目标,2030年前实现95-95-95,已经确定下来了。
This is also the year set by the UN's Sustainable Development Goals fort he end of aids as a public health threat.
今年也是联合国可持续发展目标确立的一年,目的是消除艾滋病对公众健康的威胁。
The exact meaning of that phrase is unclear. But in principle eliminating HIV is possible with existing technology.
这种说法的具体含义尚不明确。但原则上,用现有技术消灭艾滋病毒是可能的。
As has happened with smallpox and polio, the identification and treatment of all who are infected would stop new cases arising.
正如天花和脊髓灰质炎一样,对所有感染者的确认和治疗将阻止新病例的出现。
The slogans for this are "zero new HIV infections", "zero aids-related deaths"
对此的口号是“零新发感染”,“零艾滋病死亡”
and (aids being an illness that has always been surrounded by prejudice) "zero discrimination".
以及(艾滋病是一种总是被偏见包围的疾病)“零歧视”。
Unlike smallpox and polio, however, there is no vaccine against HIV.
但和天花以及脊髓灰质炎不同的是,没有对抗HIV的疫苗。
If this state of affairs continues, eliminating the virus will mean giving drugs to all those infected until they have died of other causes.
如果这种情况继续下去,消灭病毒将意味着给所有感染者提供药物,直到他们因其他原因而死亡。
It will also mean someone paying for those drugs.
这也意味着某些人要为这些药物买单。
And, in the case of those living in the poorest parts of the world, that "someone" is often going to be taxpayers in rich countries,
对于那些生活在世界最贫穷地区的人来说,“某些人”通常意味着富裕国家里的纳税人,
who already contribute about $8bn a year to the anti-aids effort.
他们每年已经为抗击艾滋病贡献了约80亿美元。
Exterminating HIV, then, will be a huge undertaking and an expensive one. But not, with luck, an impossible one.
因此,消灭艾滋病毒将是一项艰巨的任务,且代价高昂。但幸运的是,这并非不可能。

来源:经济学人

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